Prompted by new standards for increased text complexity, the review investigates the relationships
between text difficulty and reading fluency and comprehension.

Prompted by new standards for increased text complexity, the review investigates the relationships
between text difficulty and reading fluency and comprehension.
When teachers adaptively use explicit instruction to engage their students with text, they weave together several important elements of effective instruction: scaffolds, engagement, knowledge building, and intensity through coherence and increased content coverage.
Reciprocal teaching has been effectively implemented by teachers working in both small and large group
settings, in a peer tutoring situation, in content area instruction, and most recently in listening comprehension instruction.
The art of teaching acknowledges teachers’ judgment and its role in the critical decisions made by teachers regarding the SOR and the selection, preparation, delivery, and assessment of literacy activities within the social interactions of the classroom.
One’s comfort with today’s science of reading seems to depend on which instructional approaches one advocates and what one is willing to accept as determinative evidence. [In] this article, I delve into the nature of the kind of evidence that should be the basis of a science of reading instruction.
In this article, we will explore ways to address these three issues when using the compare-contrast text structure with ELL students in the primary grades.
This chapter is about how English-speaking children learn to encode and decode their written language, that is, their alphabetic orthography. With the learning loss and growing achievement gap during the COVID-19 pandemic, this topic is highly significant in spite of decades of research and consensus reports documenting the compelling evidence for explicit and systematic teaching of the alphabetic code.
In this chapter we provide you with a framework for designing integrated sets of related texts that not only provide your students increased reading volume but also give them the critical background knowledge needed to make complex texts accessible.
Reading has cognitive consequences that extend beyond its immediate task of lifting meaning from a particular passage….Accumulated over time, they carry profound implications for the development of cognitive capabilities.